How Are Wet and Dry AMD Treated Differently?

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in older adults, affecting the part of the retina responsible for clear, central vision. There are two main types of AMD: dry and wet. While they both impact the macula, they affect it in different ways and require different treatment approaches. Understanding how each type is managed can help you make informed decisions about your eye health and available treatment options.
 

Understanding Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

AMD is a progressive eye disease that deteriorates the macula, making tasks like reading, recognizing faces, and driving increasingly difficult. The condition typically develops with age and can be classified as either dry or wet, with each form presenting distinct challenges and requiring unique treatment approaches.
 

What Is Wet AMD and How Is It Treated?

Wet AMD is the less common but more severe form of the disease. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina and leak fluid or blood, leading to rapid and often significant vision loss.
 

Treatment Options for Wet AMD Include:

• Anti-VEGF Injections: These medications (such as Avastin, Eylea, or Lucentis) are injected directly into the eye to stop the growth of abnormal blood vessels.

• Photodynamic Therapy: A light-sensitive drug is injected into the bloodstream and activated with a laser to target abnormal blood vessels.

• Laser Surgery: A high-energy laser may be used to destroy the abnormal blood vessels, although this is less common today due to more effective injection therapies.
   

Prompt treatment is essential for preserving vision, and regular follow-ups are needed to monitor progress.
 

Dry AMD and Treatment Options

Dry AMD is the more common form and progresses more slowly. It involves the gradual thinning of the macula and the accumulation of drusen; tiny yellow deposits under the retina.
 

Treatment Options for Dry AMD Include:

• AREDS2 Supplements: A specific formulation of vitamins and minerals (including vitamins C and E, zinc, copper, lutein, and zeaxanthin) may slow progression in intermediate or advanced stages.

• Lifestyle Changes: A healthy diet rich in leafy greens, quitting smoking, and managing other health conditions like high blood pressure can help slow the disease.

• Low Vision Aids: Devices like magnifiers and specialized glasses can assist those with advanced dry AMD in maintaining independence.
   

Why Are Regular Eye Exams Crucial?

Early detection is key to managing AMD. Many people do not notice symptoms in the early stages, which is why routine eye exams are critical - especially for adults over 50 or those with a family history of macular degeneration. Your eye doctor can monitor for changes in the retina and recommend appropriate treatments before significant vision loss occurs.
 

Take Control of Your Eye Health at Eye Care Center

Understanding the differences between wet and dry AMD is crucial for getting the right treatment at the right time. While wet AMD requires urgent medical intervention to prevent rapid vision loss, dry AMD calls for long-term lifestyle adjustments and nutritional support. In both cases, early detection through regular eye exams can make a significant difference in preserving your vision.
 

If you're over 50 or at risk for AMD, schedule a comprehensive eye exam at Eye Care Center and take the first step in protecting your vision. Visit our offices are in Fridley, Maplewood, and Maple Grove, Minnesota. Call (763) 308-8440, (651) 777-3555, or (763) 420-6981 to book an appointment today.